"Consider aluminum-clad wood windows. You get the warmth and beauty of wood inside, but the exterior aluminum cladding cuts down significantly on upkeep."
This is a great point and often overlooked. From an energy efficiency standpoint, aluminum-clad wood windows can offer impressive thermal performance—especially if you opt for models with thermal breaks and low-E coatings. I've seen some data suggesting they can rival or even surpass vinyl in certain climates, particularly colder regions where insulation values matter most.
I also appreciate your mention of quality. It's true that higher-end wood windows with proper finishes can significantly reduce maintenance headaches. A friend of mine installed premium wood windows about five years ago, and he's barely had to touch them since—no sanding marathons yet!
Still, it's worth noting that vinyl has come a long way in terms of energy efficiency too, especially with multi-chambered frames and advanced glazing options. But you're right; aesthetically, vinyl still struggles to match the authentic character of wood in historic homes...
"Still, it's worth noting that vinyl has come a long way in terms of energy efficiency too, especially with multi-chambered frames and advanced glazing options."
That's definitely true—vinyl windows have improved a ton over the past decade or so. I replaced some old aluminum windows with vinyl about three years ago, and the difference in comfort and energy bills was pretty noticeable right away. But I gotta admit, every time I visit my sister's place (she went with aluminum-clad wood), I'm a little jealous of how nice they look inside. There's just something about real wood that feels warmer and more inviting.
I think if you're leaning toward wood for aesthetic reasons, aluminum-clad is probably your best bet. You get the charm without the constant upkeep hassle. And honestly, if you choose quality models with good thermal breaks and coatings like you mentioned, you're not sacrificing much—if anything—in terms of efficiency. Either way, sounds like you're on the right track...good luck with your project!
Vinyl's definitely improved, but I wouldn't totally dismiss wood's efficiency either. My neighbor installed solid wood windows (no aluminum cladding) with high-performance glazing, and his energy bills dropped noticeably. Maintenance isn't fun, sure, but efficiency-wise they're surprisingly competitive these days.
We went with wood windows about three years ago—mostly because my wife loved the look—and honestly, I was skeptical at first. But our heating bills have definitely improved. Maintenance is a bit of a chore, but nothing too crazy...worth it for us so far.